INTRODUCTION OF CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
The cardiovascular system, also known as the circulatory system, is a vital organ system responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. It is composed mainly of the heart, blood, and blood vessels, which work together to maintain homeostasis and ensure proper functioning of tissues and organs. The heart acts as a muscular pump that propels blood through two primary circuits: the pulmonary circulation, which carries blood to and from the lungs for oxygen exchange, and the systemic circulation, which delivers oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body. Arteries, veins, and capillaries form an extensive network of vessels that regulate blood flow and pressure. Beyond transportation, the cardiovascular system plays a crucial role in immune defense, temperature regulation, and maintaining fluid balance. Any disruption in its function can lead to serious conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, or heart disease, highlighting its essential role in human health.